GDS
The Geriatric Depression Scale screens for depression in older adults. Its yes/no format and focus on mood rather than physical symptoms make it well suited to populations where somatic items can be misleading.
What the GDS measures
The GDS deliberately avoids somatic symptoms (appetite, sleep, energy) that overlap with normal aging and medical illness, asking instead about mood, outlook, and satisfaction with a simple yes/no response. The 15-item short form (GDS-15) is the most widely used version.
Who it's for
Older adults, typically 65 and over, including those with mild cognitive impairment. It can be self-administered or read aloud as an interview.
Scoring
On the GDS-15, each depression-consistent answer scores 1 point, for a total of 0–15. A score of 5 or more suggests depression and warrants further assessment; higher bands indicate greater severity.
Severity bands
| Score | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| 0–4 | Normal |
| 5–8 | Mild |
| 9–11 | Moderate |
| 12–15 | Severe |
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Start freeAll assessmentsFrequently asked questions
What GDS score indicates depression?
On the GDS-15, a score of 5 or more suggests depression and points to further evaluation. 0–4 is considered normal, 5–8 mild, 9–11 moderate, and 12–15 severe.
What's the difference between the GDS-15 and GDS-30?
The GDS-30 is the original 30-item scale; the GDS-15 is a validated short form that's faster to complete and is the version most clinics use.
In crisis? Call or text 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, US) — free, confidential, 24/7. This page is educational and is not a diagnostic tool or a substitute for professional evaluation.